DrugDigest  
 
    Search
 
  Drugs & Herbs
  Conditions
  News & Reviews
7 Steps to Safety
Check For Savings
Senior Corner
Glossary
eBulletins
Home
Express Scripts Member?

Herbs & Supplements

Borage
Other Names: Bee Bread, Borago officinalis, Bugloss, Common Borage, Common Bugloss, Ox's Tongue, Starflower

References

Anon: Borage. In: DerMarderosian A, Beutler JA, eds. Facts and Comparisons: The Review of Natural Products. St. Louis, MO, Facts and Comparisons. August 1992.

Bandoniene D, Murkovic M, Venskutonis PR. Determination of rosmarinic acid in sage and borage leaves by high-performance liquid chromatography with different detection methods. Journal of Chromatographic Science. 2005;43(7):372-376.

Barre DE. Potential of evening primrose, borage, black currant, and fungal oils in human health. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism. 2001;45(2):47-57.

Belch JJ, Hill A. Evening primrose oil and borage oil in rheumatologic conditions. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2000 ;71(1 Suppl):352S-356S.

Bongers T, Griffiths RD. Are there any real differences between enteral feed formulations used in the critically ill? Current Opinion on Critical Care. 2006;12(2):131-135.

Borrek S, Hildebrandt A, Forster J. Gamma-linolenic-acid-rich borage seed oil capsules in children with atopic dermatitis. A placebo-controlled double-blind study. [Article in German] Klinische Paediatrie. 1997;209(3):100-104.

Chaintreuil J, Monnier L, Colette C, Crastes de Paulet P, Orsetti A, Spielmann D, et al. Effects of dietary gamma-linolenate supplementation on serum lipids and platelet function in insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Human Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition. 1984;38(2):121-130.

Chrubasik S, Pollak S. Pain management with herbal antirheumatic drugs. [Article in German] Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift. 2002;152(7-8):198-203.

Chung S, Kong S, Seong K, Cho Y. Gamma-linolenic acid in borage oil reverses epidermal hyperproliferation in guinea pigs. Journal of Nutrition. 2002;132(10):3090-3097.

Deferne JL, Leeds AR. The antihypertensive effect of dietary supplementation with a 6-desaturated essential fatty acid concentrate as compared with sunflower seed oil. Journal of Human Hypertension. 1992;6(2):113-119.

Demmelmair H, Feldl F, Horvath I, Niederland T, Ruszinko V, Raederstorff D, et al. Influence of formulas with borage oil or borage oil plus fish oil on the arachidonic acid status in premature infants. Lipids. 2001;36(6):555-566.

Dodson CD, Stermitz FR. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids from borage (Borago officinalis) seeds and flowers. Journal of Natural Products. 1986;49(4):727-728.

Engler MM, Engler MB. Dietary borage oil alters plasma, hepatic and vascular tissue fatty acid composition in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids. 1998;59(1):11-15.

Engler MM, Engler MB, Erickson SK, Paul SM. Dietary gamma-linolenic acid lowers blood pressure and alters aortic reactivity and cholesterol metabolism in hypertension. Journal of Hypertension 1992;10:1197-1204.

Engler MM, Schambelan M, Engler MB, Ball DL, Goodfriend TL. Effects of dietary gamma-linolenic acid on blood pressure and adrenal angiotensin receptors in hypertensive rats. Proceedings of the Society of Experimental Biology in Medicine. 1998;218(3):234-237.

Fan YY, Chapkin RS. Importance of dietary gamma-linolenic acid in human health and nutrition. Journal of Nutrition. 1998;128(9):1411-1414.

Fewtrell MS, Abbott RA, Kennedy K, et al. Randomized, double-blind trial of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation with fish oil and borage oil in preterm infants. Journal of Pediatrics. 2004;144(4):471-479.

Gadek JE, DeMichele SJ, Karlstad MD, et al. Effect of enteral feeding with eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Enteral Nutrition in ARDS Study Group. Critical Care Medicine. 1999;27(8):1409-1420.

Grieve M. Borage. In: A Modern Herbal. New York: Dover Publishers, 1971. Available at: http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/mgmh.html Posted 1995. Accessed July 16, 2003.

Gu JY, Wakizono Y, Dohi A, Nonaka M, Sugano M, Yamada K. Effect of dietary fats and sesamin on the lipid metabolism and immune function of Sprague-Dawley rats. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry. 1998;62(10):1917-1924.

Guivernau M, Meza N, Barja P, Roman O. Clinical and experimental study on the long-term effect of dietary gamma-linolenic acid on plasma lipids, platelet aggregation, thromboxane formation, and prostacyclin production. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids. 1994; 51(5):311-316.

Heard CM, Gallagher SJ, Congiatu C, et al. Preferential pi-pi complexation between tamoxifen and borage oil/gamma linolenic acid: transcutaneous delivery and NMR spectral modulation. International Journal of Pharmacology. 2005;302(1-2):47-55.

Heck AM, DeWitt BA, Lukes AL. Potential interactions between alternative therapies and warfarin. American Journal of Health System Pharmacy. 2000;57(13):1221-1230.

Henz BM, Jablonska S, van de Kerkhof PC, et al. Double-blind, multicentre [sic] analysis of the efficacy of borage oil in patients with atopic eczema. British Journal of Dermatology. 1999;140(1):685-688.

Herrmann M, Joppe H, Schmaus G. Thesinine-4'-O-beta-D-glucoside the first glycosylated plant pyrrolizidine alkaloid from Borago officinalis. Phytochemistry. 2002;60(4):399-402.

Heyland DK, Dhaliwal R, Drover JW, Gramlich L, Dodek P. for the Canadian Critical Care Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee. Canadian clinical practice guidelines for nutrition support in mechanically ventilated, critically ill adult patients. JPEN The Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. 2003;27(5):355-373.

Hornych A, Girault F, Oravec S, Forette B, Horrobin DF. Effect of gamma-linolenic acid on plasma and membrane lipids and renal prostaglandins in old subjects. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1999;48(6):869-870.

Jellin JM, Gregory P, Batz F, Hitchens K, et al, eds. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database, 3rd Edition. Stockton CA: Therapeutic Research Facility, 2000.

Kast RE. Borage oil reduction of rheumatoid arthritis activity may be mediated by increased cAMP that suppresses tumor necrosis factor-alpha. International Immunopharmacology. 2001;1(12):2197-2199.

Leventhal LJ, Boyce EG, Zurier RB. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with gammalinolenic acid. Annals of Internal Medicine. 1993;119(9):867-873.

Liu JW, DeMichele SJ, Palombo J, et al. Effect of long-term dietary supplementation of high-gamma-linolenic canola oil versus borage oil on growth, hematology, serum biochemistry, and N-6 fatty acid metabolism in rats. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2004;52(12):3960-3966.

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database, Online Edition. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter. Stockton CA: Therapeutic Research Facility, 2006. Available at: http://www.pharmacistsletter.com/(S(ulqz3s45omt3ag55um4kj345))/home.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=ND.

O'Mahony R, Al-Khtheeri H, Weerasekera D, et al. Bactericidal and anti-adhesive properties of culinary and medicinal plants against Helicobacter pylori. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2005;11(47):7499-507.

Paas E, Pierce G. Borage oil. National Centre for Agri-food Research in Medicine. St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre. Last updated July 10, 2002. Available at: http://www.sbrc.ca/ncarm/PDF/Borage%20il%20Full%20Report.pdf. Accessed August 14, 2003.

Parvais O, Van der Stricht B, Vanhaelen-Fastre R, Vanhaelen M. TLC detection of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in oil extracted from the seeds of Borago officinalis. Journal of Planar Chromatography Modern TLC. 1994;7(1): 80-82.

Peirce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: Stonesong Press; 1999.

Pittler MH, Verster JC, Ernst E. Interventions for preventing or treating alcohol hangover: systematic review of randomised [sic] controlled trials. British Medical Journal. 2005;331(7531):1515-1518.

Plants for a Future Database. Borago officinalis. No date given. Available at: http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/cgi-bin/arr_html?Borago+officinalis&CAN=COMIND. Accessed July 16, 2003.

Pullman-Mooar S, Laposata M, Lem D. Alteration of the cellular fatty acid profile and the production of eicosanoids in human monocytes by gamma-linolenic acid. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 1990; 33(10):1526-1533.

Schirmer MA, Phinney SD. Gamma-linolenate reduces weight regain in formerly obese humans. Journal of Nutrition. 2007;137(6):1430-1435.

Spinella M. Herbal medicines and epilepsy: the potential for benefit and adverse effects. Epilepsy and Behavior. 2001;2(6):524-532.

Takwale A, Tan E, Agarwal S, et al. British Medical Journal. 2003;327(7428):1385-1388. Efficacy and tolerability of borage oil in adults and children with atopic eczema: randomised [sic], double blind, placebo controlled, parallel group trial.

Tate G, Mandell BF, Laposata M, Ohliger D, Baker DG, Schumacher HR, Zurier RB. Suppression of acute and chronic inflammation by dietary gamma linolenic acid. Journal of Rheumatology. 1989;16(6):729-734.

Westman EC, Yancy WS Jr, Olsen MK, Dudley T, Guyton JR. Effect of a low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet program compared to a low-fat diet on fasting lipoprotein subclasses. International Journal of Cardiology. 2006;110(2):212-216.

Wretensjo I, Karlberg B. Pyrrolizidine alkaloid content in crude and processed borage oil from different processing stages. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 2003;80(10):963-970.

Yu Z, Ng VY, Su P, et al. Induction of renal cytochrome P450 arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity by dietary gamma-linolenic acid. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 2006;317(2):732-738.

Ziboh VA, Naguwa S, Vang K, et al. Suppression of leukotriene B4 generation by ex-vivo neutrophils isolated from asthma patients on dietary supplementation with gammalinolenic acid-containing borage oil: possible implication in asthma. Clinical and Developmental Immunology. 2004;11(1):13-21.

Last Revised August 2, 2007

<< Back


Note: The above information is not intended to replace the advice of your physician, pharmacist, or other healthcare professional. It is not meant to indicate that the use of the product is safe, appropriate, or effective for you.

In general, herbal products are not subject to review or approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). They are not required to be standardized, meaning that the amounts of active ingredients or contaminants they contain may vary between brands or between different batches of the same brand. Not all of the risks, side effects, or interactions associated with the use of herbal products are known because few reliable studies of their use in humans have been done.

This information is provided for your education only. Please share this information with your healthcare provider and be sure that you talk to your doctor and pharmacist about all the prescription and non-prescription medicines you take before you begin to use any herbal product.

  Learn About

Who is this for?

When should I be careful taking it?

What side effects should I watch for?

What interactions should I watch for?

Should I take it?

> References



Printable Version     Recommend this page to a friend